What is Ethical Hacking?

Ethical hacking is the authorized testing of computer systems and networks to identify security vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. Ethical hackers work within legal and contractual boundaries to improve security.

Ethical vs Malicious Hacking

• Ethical Hackers: Work with permission, follow legal guidelines, report vulnerabilities responsibly
• Malicious Hackers: Break into systems without authorization, steal data, cause damage
• Gray Hat Hackers: Test systems without permission but don't cause harm or profit

Hacking Phases

• Reconnaissance: Gather information about the target
• Scanning & Enumeration: Identify open ports and services
• Gaining Access: Exploit vulnerabilities to gain entry
• Maintaining Access: Establish persistence
• Covering Tracks: Remove evidence of intrusion